Approach for Load State Detection in MIN

Some thoroughly research on the basic method for load state detection in MIN is introduced. Load sources of SCP and SSP in MIN are analyzed in detail after investigating the relationship between inter resource and load state in the system. And load detection parameters and model are presented. Moreover, a novel strategy to detect system load state based on fusion of multi detection data is presented. By some test, the theory and method are proved most feasible. Our research show that load state of MIN can be recognized by detecting utility of internal resource utilizing of single node in MIN, and multi redundant detecting data fusion is effective approach to improve the reliability and trust degree of the result.     

CONSTRUCTION OF OLD MOUNTAIN CITIES

During the citified course at present for construction of old mountain cities is very important. This paper has analyzed the following problems: the contradiction for construction of cities, style of mountain cities, reconstruction of city construction and reflecting the features of our age from cities.     

Yield performance of interspecific F1 hybrids of the greek mountain tea, Sideritis spp. L.

Interspecific F₁ hybrids were produced after artificial intercrossing of six Sideritis species indigenous to Greece, namely: S. athoa, S. euboea, S. syriaca, S. raeseri, S. scardica, S. clandestina and a cultivated clone of S. raeseri. It was found that all species cross with each other, but the level of crossability varied with the cross-combination. In the yield evaluation experiments, the interspecific hybrids with a common female parent were considered as a group. It was observed that yield during the year of establishment was relatively low, but the interspecific hybrids out-yielded the control in both fresh and dry weight. All hybrids produced higher yields in the following years and their productivity started to decline after the fifth year. All hybrids produced higher yields than the control in all six years of the experiment. The highest yield over the years, in fresh and dry weight, was produced by the group Sideritis raeseri cultivated clone (cc) ×Sideritis spp. This yield, however, was not always significantly different from the yield produced by the second in the rank group (S. clandestina×Sideritis spp.). A high correlation (r > 0.99) between fresh and dry weight was observed. The two groups with the highest yield also had the highest essential oil content. In addition, all the interspecific hybrids had a higher essential oil content than the control species. Furthermore, the essential oil content of the selected individual hybrid plants ranged between the midparental value to a value higher than the high-parental species, indicating an additive and dominance gene action. It was also found that the content of the essential oil in the seven most important components (pinene, lemonene, cynene, menthone, copaene, caryophyllene and valerianic ester) varied from hybrid to hybrid. Given that Sideritis reproduces mainly asexually, the direct use of individual interspecific hybrids with higher yield and content in essential oil than the control species is possible in cultivation.     

农业机器人采摘棉花的前景展望与技术分析

综合分析了国内外棉花采摘与分级技术的现状,指出农业机器人采摘棉花更适合我国国情。针对采摘机器人的非结构化工作环境和作业对象有生命等技术特点,分析了采摘机器人在自主导航、目标识别与定位和机器人本体结构设计三方面的研究现状。重点讨论了农业机器人采摘棉花的关键技术:一是自然环境下棉花的识别与分类。图像增强、特征提取和图像理解是视觉领域的三个过程,现代数学领域的小波分析、分形几何、模糊与粗糙集理论、人工神经网络和支持向量机等为此提供了有力的工具。二是机器人末端执行器结构的设计。借助多传感器信息融合技术完成棉花与铃壳的分离,实现末端执行器的自适应柔顺控制。随着智能领域的长足发展,采摘机器人代替人类采摘棉花的梦想一定能够实现。     

典型岩溶峰丛山区土地利用与水土流失

以广西马山县加方—古寨地区为例,在分析自然地理及地质条件的基础上,分析了土地开发利用现状、土地利用空间的合理调配与岩溶石山区水土流失的治理,提出了水土流失的治理方法。     

商洛山区主要药用植物土地利用配置初步研究

根据区域土地资源合理利用及生态治理的要求，在调查分析商洛山区基本地貌类型、土地资源现状、特点及水土流失情况和水土保持状况的基础上，对商洛山区重点发展的12种中药材的生境特性、药用部位、土壤要求及其土地利用配置作了初步研究。     

鲁中水土保持生态修复区种子植物区系特征

 为鲁中石质山地水土保持生态修复过程中适宜植物种类的选择、保护与合理经营提供理论依据,对淄川峨庄水土保持生态修复区内植物区系组成和地理成分进行分析。结果表明:1)该植物区系内共有种子植物271种,隶属于61科157属,分别占我国种子植物区系科、属、种的17.28%、4.90%和0.998%,其中单种科和极小科（含29种）所含的种数占总种数的91.6%,单种属和含2～4种的属有161个,占总属数的96.18%,可以看出该研究区内植物科和属的分布是比较均匀和丰富的;2)该区植物区系温带成分,特别是北温带成分具有明显优势,热带性质属在该区系中占有较大的比例,说明该地区植物区系与热带植物区系有较密切渊源,并具有一定的亚热带热带区系的过渡性;3)该区植物区系的特有性较低。     

Modelling of snowmelt erosion and sediment yield in a small low-mountain catchment in Germany

Temporal variability and spatial heterogeneity of surface runoff generation triggers the dynamics of source areas of sediment and sediment-associated nutrient transport. Reliable modelling of hydrological special situations i.e. snowmelt is of high importance for the quality of erosion and sediment yield modelling. Data from the research catchment Schäfertal demonstrate the individuality of snowmelt events in terms of runoff coefficient and delivery ratio. This 1.44 km² low mountain catchment is characterised by a high portion of arable land with a winter grain/winter rape crop rotation. The integrated winter erosion and nutrient load model (IWAN) considers these dynamic aspects by coupling a hydrological model with a sediment load model. Cell size of this raster-based approach is 10 × 10 m². Additionally, snowmelt rill erosion is simulated with a newly developed physically based model that is firstly applied on a catchment scale. A sensitivity analysis of this model system component demonstrates the plausibility of the model approach and the overall robustness of the model system IWAN. The results of the long-term hydrological modelling from 1991 to 2003 are reliable and form the basis for the simulation of six snowmelt events which were observed in the Schäfertal catchment. The estimated total runoff volumes for these events match the observations well. The modelled overland runoff coefficients vary from 0.001 to 0.72. The mean values of cell erosion, which were modelled with one set of parameters for all six events range from 0.0006 to 0.96 t ha^− 1. The total modelled erosion for the events with unfrozen soil and low amount of surface runoff is of a factor 50 below those with partly frozen soil. In addition to these distinctions, the major differences are caused by flow accumulation in shallow depressions in variable parts of the catchment. However, the validation of these results on the single event scale is restricted due to limited spatial data. Total simulated sediment yield at the catchment outlet was as high as 13.84 t which underestimates the observed values, with the exception of one event. Oversimplification of the modelled channel processes may be a reason. The temporal variability and spatial heterogeneity of the surface roughness parameter, which was identified to be sensitive, also causes uncertainty in the parameter estimation. Despite these findings, the model system IWAN was applied successfully on the catchment scale and the simulated results are reliable.     

山东省石灰岩山区灌木林枯落物持水性能的研究

通过对山东省石灰岩山区4种主要灌木林枯落物蓄积量及其持水特性的试验研究,总结出不同林分枯落物的持水性能。结果表明,4种林分枯落物的蓄积量从大到小依次为连翘林>黄栌林>黄荆林>绣线菊林。在前0.5h内,4种林分枯落物吸水速率的大小顺序为绣线菊林>黄栌林>黄荆林>连翘林。4种林分枯落物最大持水量的大小顺序为黄栌林>连翘林>绣线菊林>黄荆林。4种林分枯落物有效拦蓄量的大小顺序为黄栌林>连翘林>绣线菊林>黄荆林。